Disability Clip:

Discuss the ways in which the extract constructs the representation of disability using the following.

Camera shots, angles, movement and composition:
The shots of the man in the wheelchair are looking up showing he is lower down and of a lower status. Also his brother has more power then him which is why camera angles show him looking down over his brother. They are both brothers with the same genes however just because one is in a wheelchair it means they now have different statuses. There are sideways tracking shots of the man in the wheelchair, this represents the fact that he has less mobility to move because he is shown with moving shots. There are also two shots with both characters in however the standing man is the main focus showing that the man in the wheelchair is less important and fades into the background.

Editing:
There are longer shots of his brother representing that he has more power and the man in the wheelchair is less important because his shots are shorter. Also most of the shots of the man in the wheel chair his able brother is with him, this represents that his brother will always be there to try and help him giving him no Independence. This shows are people think disabled people are unable to care for themselves.

Sound:
There is Christmas music playing in the background which represents a cheerful mood however the characters are unhappy and trying to show they are in the Christmas spirit.
When the man in the wheel chair starts to get annoyed at his brother the faint Christmas music stops showing now there is no joy for him.

Mise en scene:
The man in the wheel chair is wearing brown boring colours, this could represent a grumpy and unhappy mood. His brother is wearing colourful patterned clothes which are fashionable, this represents that he is more happy because the bright colours reflect his mood. Also the fact his clothes are fashionable suggest he has freedom to express who he is and also more freedom physically because his brother is limited to what he can do.

 The other clothes and shop decor are glum colours such as browns and creams which can also reflect on the man in the wheel chairs mood. This can also show how he sees things, the main colours are Christmas colours such as red and greens, this could represent that Christmas is the only thing the man has to look forward to. There are shop manikins which are, of course stationary, this represents how the man in the wheelchair could feel; limited and unable.

Representation of Disability:

Disability Stereotypes:

• Vulnerable
• Incapable
• Unintelligent
• Unattractive
• Lonely 
• Left out

In his 1991 study, Paul Hunt identified 10 stereotypes that the media use to portray disabled people:

• The disabled person as pitiable or pathetic: example Christy Brown from My Left Foot 
• An object of curiosity or violence: example Lenni from of mice and men
• Sinister or evil: example Steve Barker from Ringer
• The super cripple: example daredevil from daredevil
• As atmosphere: example Becky from Glee
• Laughable: Forest from Forest Gump
• His/her own worst enemy: king George from The Kings Speech 
• As a burden: example Sam Dawson from I am Sam
• As Non-sexual: example Layla from Tracy Beaker
• Being unable to participate in daily life: example Arnie Grape from Whats eating Gilbert Grape

Disability in TV drama:

• Walt JR - Breaking Bad (Cerebral Palsy)
• Artie -  Glee (wheel chair)
• Becky - Glee (Down syndrome)
• Layla - Tracy Beaker (Cerebral Palsy)
• JJ - Skins (Panic Attacks)
• Tony - Skins (Brain Damage)

Gender representations in TV:

Male:

• Strong
• Aggressive
• Inconsiderate
• Arrogant
• Dominant
• Dont show emotion
• Vinile
• Sexist
• Independent

Female:

• Weak
• Calm
• Considerable
• Sly
• Submissive
• Emotional
• Fertile
• Intelligent
• Dependant

Representaion in TV dramas:

Alisha in the TV drama misfits is represented as sly and submissive because she hides her emotions and doesn't give much away linking got the female stereotypes. She commits murder and hides the bodies along with the group which is not a typical way for a female to behave because they are thought to be weak however she questions this by taking lifes.

She is represented as emotional when she is crying talking to Kurtis about her power linking to the stereotype that female are emotional. She is also represented as dependent because she relies on other members of the group to help her out in situations representing the female stereotype.



Lord Grantham in the TV drama Downton Abbey is represented as dominant and independent because he is the Lord and the highest position in the household, linking to the stereotype that men are dominant and independent. He is also represented as a non-violent person however, when one lady comes into his territory and puts her different opinions across then we see Lord Grantham's aggressive side linking to the stereotype. His character also goes against the stereotype that men are inconsiderate because he cares and looks about for his family.

The gaze music video task:

This is the music for Marina and The Diamonds -  How to be a heart breaker. It contains sexual scenes involving mostly naked men share a group shower.

Within just one second into the video we see a man looking seductive into the camera. This immediately looks like he is trying to dominate and seduce the female viewers with self confidence. He also has water dripping down to make him look more hunky and attractive whilst hes dripping wet.

 Within eight seconds of the video the main scene for the music video is set. There is one woman and several men, this shows dominance and the idea of power. It is clear now the video is for the female audience. The fact they are in a shower means they can wear as little as small briefs and can get wet for a more seductive look. 

Also Marina looks like has control over the men, she is showing she knows exactly what she is doing ans she is playing a game with them. this links to the idea that female sexuality is dangerous and a trap.

 Twenty four seconds into the video one of the men is looking at her with a passionate smirk on his face because he has the woman in his arms and he has got her attention. This links back to the theory that women are the prize and decorative as appose to men being the prize and decoration. So because of this the man looks like he is thinking very highly of himself because he knows he has power and has achieved.

Thirty seven seconds into the video we see the same man but by himself with his hands on his head, this way we can see his muscles and how well built he is. This links back to the idea that men have strength and power. Also he has tattoos which for some women show masculinity and women find attractive. 

Within 39 seconds of the music video a man is seen slowing rubbing his hand down his chest. He is drawing attention to his physique and getting the female attention because he has dominance and wants to claim a woman as his prize this links back to the earlier theories. This image also shows the idea of vigor and capability because he is a strong healthy man.

The shots within the music video are similar most of the way through until near the end where we reach 3 minutes and eighteen seconds into the video. We start to see smiles on the men, play fighting and messing around between each other and Marina. This goes to show that the men are all round lovely and easy to get along with. Also they have white teeth and nice smiles which is a facial factor that women like on a man. This shows innocence and yet his muscly, wet body is still on show, showing he has everything a woman wants; strength,power and capability linking back to the earlier theories that are shown through out and also nice, friendly personalities.

why did Dredd fail at the box office essay:

Dredd had high hopes of being a success however it turned into a fail. There are many reasons for this and many interesting facts. There has been a lot of work put into the film however there is success and fails within the film and they were throughout the production and final product.

The film was produced by Alex Garland, Andrew Macdonald and Alan Reich. Distributed by entertainment films, distributors and Lionsgate. Alex Garland also wrote the script. They are a Canadian-American entertainment company. It is the most commercially successful mini major film and television Distribution Company in North America and the seventh most profitable movie studio. It is founded by Frank Giustra. The company is one of the leading film financing, sales and distribution companies in the world, championing a wide variety of cinema, including mainstream commercial, art house, foreign language and genre fare it was founded by Stuart Ford. DNA Films is a British film production company founded by Duncan Kenworthy and Andrew Macdonald. They each put in $25 million so the funding was split 50/50. We remain committed to this relationship and we’re historically a huge supplier for them. That’s the studio where we have the closest relationships and they’re like gold dust. We value them. Dredd announced their three picture deal with Lionsgate and IM Global which was announced during November 2010. In July 2010 Karl announced to comic-con to the collider.com web site that he had been offered the lead in Dredd. The types of people that go to comic on are interested in this type of film which meant they would be interested in watching Dredd. Dredd made $30 million from pre sales and the distributer paid $7 million for the rights to show the film. The movie was filmed in locations such as Johannesburg and Cape Town Film Studios.

In 1995 it was first designed as a physical drop. During Never let me go the 'slo mo' sequences were being designed. Dredd was made an 18 certificate film. The producers said they didn’t really think about the certificate when producing the film and it was never an issue. Dredd took 13 weeks to film. Dredd was filmed using RED MX, S12K, and phantom flex high speed digital cameras, He needed to build new camera rigs to bring the audience closer to the action.

Dredd was shown in 2,506 locations, roughly 2,200 of them were 3D. Producers started marketing the film at comic -con which was a under-25 male audience, there target audience. For the marketing campaign Lionsgate partnered with publisher 2000AD and Motion Comic to create an online comic-strip prepuel to Dredd. Dredd premiered at Fantastic Fest which is an annual film festival in Austin Texas. This was because it would appeal to the films target audience, because the films shown at Fantastic Fest are action, sci-fi and horror. Dredd falls into these categories so the film would appeal to them. Dredds marketing campaign won a Golden Trailer Award for Best Thriller TV spot for the trailer 'big addicted'. It also received nominations for; Best Action TV Spot, Most Original TV Spot, Best Graphics in a TV Spot, Best Music TV Spot, Best Action Poster and Most Original Poster for the Dredd motion poster.

The total Gross for the film was $13,414,714. The UKs film distributors Lionsgate ensured people watched it in 3D by removing the ability to see the film in 2D. 12-30% of the audience are physically incapable of seeing a 3D image. 30% of light is lost in a 3D film. Dredd was unfortunate to be released after The Raid directed by Gareth Evans. The films similarly include premise lawmen fighting the way to get to the top of a deadly tower block. In the UK Dredd was number 1, this shows the film would have been more of a success if it was shown in 2D as well because many people didn't want to watch it in 3D. 3D films cost more to go and watch which resulted in people not watching the film at the cinema at all. In the US male over 25s was the largest demographic audience with males making up 69% and the over 25s making up 75%. Dredd sold 650,000 units on DVD/BluRay, this brought in $10 million.

The main reasons for the film failing are; the fact that when it was released it was not long after The Raid had been released. These films both contain similar things such as the set; they both take place in a rough tower block. The main characters are important skilled people who are trying to get to the top, however on the way up they are faced with violence and challenging tasks many resulting in death.  This meant that many people didn’t want to see another film that was similar or it didn’t look as good compared to The Raid. Also there are many action films with a classic hero so many films are up against each other. The main character never takes his mask off throughout the film which means people are unaware of the actor, if a film as a major actor staring as the lead role then they are more likely to see it.  Also the character was very violent and had little emotion, understanding and killed people often, this meant that viewers might of taken a disliking to Dredds character. The film was given the certificate 18 which meant that younger teens couldn't watch it at the cinema. This then meant that the film lost viewers and box office income where as if it was a 15 or lower more teens could have watched it. The film also mostly appealed to the male audience because it contained action and had a lot of blood and gore.

To conclude there was a number of factors that resulted in Dredd failing from the making, story line and how it was shown at the cinema. Many people still have the opportunity to enjoy the film by watching it on DVD also it is filled with action and has many positive reviews.

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Why did Dredd fail at the box office task:

Pre Production:

Who were the films producer, distributor and script writer? (Try and find other films by these groups) The film was produced by Alex Garland, Andrew Macdonald and Alan Reich. Distributed by entertainment films, distributors and Lionsgate. Alex Garland also wrote the script.

Who are Lionsgate (who owns them?) They are a Canadian-American entertainment company. It is the most commercially successful mini major film and television Distribution Company in North America and the seventh most profitable movie studio. It is founded by Frank Giustra.

Who are IM Global (who owns them?). The company is one of the leading film financing, sales and distribution companies in the world, championing a wide variety of cinema, including mainstream commercial, art house, foreign language and genre fare. Founded by Stuart Ford.

Who are DNA films (who owns them and who partnered with them?) DNA Films is a Britishfilm production company founded by Duncan Kenworthy and Andrew Macdonald.

How was the funding for DNA originally split?  They each put in $25 million so the funding was split 50/50.

Why did they need to maintain their relationship with Fox Searchlight? We remain committed to this relationship and we’re historically a huge supplier for them. That’s the studio where we have the closest relationships and they’re like gold dust. We value them.

When did Lionsgate announce their three picture deal with IM Global? Dredd announced their three picture deal with Lionsgate and IM Global which was announced during November 2010.

Where did Carl Urban announce his role in Dredd? In july 2010 Karl announced to comic-con to the collider.com web site that he had been offered the lead in Dredd. 

Why might this have helped attract the film's target audience? The type of people that go to comic on are interested in this type of film which meant they would be interested in watching Dredd.

How much money did Dredd make from pre sales (this is people buying the right to show your film)? Dredd made $30 million from pre sales.

How much did a distributer pay for the rights to show the film in the UK? The distributer payed $7 million for the rights to show the film.

Where was the movie filmed? The movie was filmed in locations such as Johannesburg and Cape Town Film Studios.

Production:
When was the 'lawmaker' gun built and designed? In 1995 it was first designed as a physical drop.

During which other UK film was the 'slo mo' sequences designed?  During Never let me go the 'slo mo' sequences were being designed.

How did the film makers feel about making an 18 certificate film? Dredd was made an 18 certificate film. The producers said they didnt really think about the certificate when producing the film and it was never an issue

How long did it take to film Dredd? Dredd took 13 weeks to film.

Which camera was used to film Dredd? Dredd was filmed using RED MX, S12K, and phantom flex high speed digital cameras.

Why did they need to create new camera rigs? He needed to build new camera rigs to bring the audience closer to the action.

Post production:
What issue affected the films editing? 

Distribution and marketing:
How many cinemas was Dredd released in and how many ONLY showed it in 3D? Dredd was shown in 2,506 locations, roughly 2,200 of then were 3D.

How did producers begin promoting  Dredd3D Producers started marketing the film at comic -con which was a under-25 male audience, there target audience. 

What viral marketing campaign did the producers use for Dredd? For the marketing campaign Lionsgate partnered with publisher 2000AD and Motion Comic to create an online comic-strip prepuel to Dredd.

The film premiered at Fantastic Fest, what is it and why would this appeal to the films target audience? Dredd premiered at Fantastic Fest which is an annual film festival in Austin Texas.This was becuase it would appeal to the films target audience, becuase the films shown at Fantastic  Fest are action, sci-fi and horror. Dredd falls into these catagories so the film would appeal to them.

Which awards did the films marketing campaign win? Dredds marketing campaign won a Golden Trailer Award for Best Thriller TV spot for the trailer 'big addicted'. It also received nominations for; Best Action TV Spot, Most Original TV Spot,Best Graphics in a TV Spot, Best Music TV Spot, Best Action Poster and Most Original Poster for the Dredd motion poster.

How much money did the film gross at the box office? The total Gross for the film was $13,414,714.

What unusual step did the film's UK distributors take to ensure people watched in 3D? The UKs film distributors Lionsgate ensured people watched it in 3D by removing the ability to see the film in 2D.

What percentage of audiences are physically incapable of seeing a 3D image? 12-30% of the audience are physically incapable of seeing a 3D image.

What % of light is lost in a 3D film? 30% of light is lost in a 3D film.

Which film was Dredd unfortunate to be released after? Dredd was unfortunate to be released after The Raid directed by Gareth Evans. The films similarly include premise lawmen fighting the way to get to the top of a deadly tower block.

In the UK which position in the DVD charts did Dredd occupy? In the UK Dredd was number 1 

What might this show about the decision to allow only a 3D release? This shows the film would have been more of a success if it was shown in 2D as well because many people didn't want to watch it in 3D.

In the US which audience demographic was the largest? In the US male over 25s was the largest demographic audience with males making up 69% and the over 25s making up 75%.

How many units did Dredd sell on DVD/BluRay in the US? Dredd sold 650,000 units on DVD/BluRay.

How much money did this bring in? This brought in $10 million

Common Stereotypes:

Common Stereotypes